The most common types of rock used in gravel are sandstone, limestone, and basalt. It has a wide variety of industrial and construction applications, from home building to road paving, and is categorized either as granular coarse or pebble fine.
The most common types of natural gravel include bank, bench, creek, and plateau gravels. And as for the rest, mining companies in all 50 states are responsible for producing gravel in regions where naturally crushed rock cannot be found. The original rocks are mined from various sources and stored in quarries, where they are exploded, crushed and, depending on their intended use, mixed with a stone powder.
If you dig into the ground, go to a river, or look into a canyon you see a wide variety of colors, sizes, and styles. However, like trees or dirt, not all natural rock is created equally.
Some rocks have a softer texture, some are harder, and some react differently to pressure. When thinking of construction, it is important to know what kinds of rock are ideal for specific applications. Different types of rock also bond differently. This is important in ready mix concrete in which it is imperative the rock bonds correctly with the sand, water, and other components.
So what are some of the most common rocks used in construction, and what are they used for? Basalt: An igneous rock often used for road pavement or concrete aggregates. They are also used for masonry projects. Granite: An igneous rock that is durable and is easily polished. Because of the color, grain, and polishing ability; they are often used inside homes for countertops or on the outside of monumental or civic buildings.
However, they can also be used on bridge piers and river walls. Limestone: A sedimentary rock that is the most commonly used to make crushed stone in the United States.
One of the most versatile rocks for construction, limestone is able to be crushed easily making it a primary rock used in ready mix concrete, road construction, and railroads. It is widely available in quarries across the country. Sandstone: A sedimentary rock used primarily for concrete and masonry work. It is unsuitable for use as a building stone because of its sediment composition. Slate: A metamorphic rock typically found in layers. Because it is easily mined and cut in these natural layers, it works well in applications requiring thin rock layers.
Common examples are roofing tiles, certain types of chalkboards, gravestones, and some pavement applications. Laterite: A metamorphic rock with a highly porous and sponge structure. It is easily quarried in block form and used as a building stone. However, it is important to plaster the surface to eliminate the pores.
Marble: A metamorphic rock. Like granite, it can be polished well and is often used for decorative purposes. Common uses are columns, flooring, or steps in monumental buildings. Gneiss: A metamorphic rock. However, due to the harmful components of the rock, it is rarely used in construction. Hard varieties are sometimes used in building construction. Quartzite: A metamorphic rock that is used in building blocks and slabs. It is also used as an aggregate in ready mix concrete.
As you can see, there are multiple kinds of rocks for construction use! Many of them have a specific purpose for their use in construction, and if you know what to look for, you start seeing these rocks in their different applications.
The process begins by gathering large rocks and breaking them down into smaller fragments using heavy machinery. The original rocks are mined from several different sources and are stored in quarries, where they are crushed or exploded depending on their intended use before being mixed with stone powder.
Building gravel ranges in diameter from millimetres to several inches, with various sizes being optimal for certain situations. For example, coarser grit gravel is most suitable in railway ballast, as the larger diameter particles stabilise the rails and hold the ties firmly in place.
Residential and commercial walkways, on the other hand, need smaller particles that are cm in size for construction purposes. Gravel comes in many different types, with each one having its own unique characteristics. Man-made gravel is made up of stones that are crushed and filtered using heavy equipment. The term man-made refers to the way the gravel is processed. This type of gravel has sharp edges and are mainly used for road paving projects.
Granite is the most common form of man-made gravel and is characterised by its white specks or swirls. Weathering of rocks such as granite forms these quartz grains. In the process of weathering, the softer, weaker minerals in granite such as feldspar are weathered away.
The more resistant quartz eventually is ground down in size, but does not break down chemically. In time, these quartz grains accumulate in rivers, streams, deltas and on beaches. Industrial sand mining methods are contingent on deposit type.
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